Firearm with a breech bolt having a swingable action end with an extractor attached thereto



T.' E. HovlNG 3,398,476 FIREARM WITH A BREECH BOLT HAVING A SWINGABLE ACTION Aug. 27, 1968 vEND WITH AN EXTRACTOR ATTACHED THERETO 5 Sheets-Sheet l Filed 'OG t. 20, 1966 3,398,4 76 E ACTION T. E4 HOVING Aug. 27, 1968 FIREARM WITH A BREECH BOLT HAVING A SWINGABL END WITH AN EXTRACTOR ATTACHED THERETO 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 20, 1966 t c :im: me

. INVENTOR. 70,95 5e/K Haw/v6 Hrm/S- Aug. 27, 1968 T. E. HovlNG 3,398,476

FIREARM wITH A BREECH BOLT HAVING A swINGABLE ACTION END wITH AN ExTRAcToR ATTACHED THERETO Filed Oct. 20, 1966 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 sa 6A 9 102 104 FIGB INVENTOR. Taka EIT/,e Haw/Vg;

Hrrys.

United States Patent O FIREARM WITH A BREECH BOLT HAVING A SWINGABLE ACTION END WITH AN EX- TRACTOR ATTACHED THERETO Tore Erik Hoving, Storbrogatan 13, Filipstad, Sweden Filed Oct. 20, 1966, Ser. No. 588,173 9 Claims. (Cl. 42-25) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A firearm has a breech bolt having an action end which is articulated to the bolt and is rigidly connected to an extractor hook for reliable ejection of shells from the cartridge chamber. At least most of the metallic parts of the firearm are made of rustproof material.

This invention relates to a firearm comprising a breech bolt, and the main object of the invention is to improve sporting guns which are to be .used under severe climatic conditions and consequently require high reliability in function. As the firearm is intended to function as a repeating lgun a reliable ejection of the shells which have been -fired is of great importance. Further, a reliable and -fast acting trigger mechanism contributes to the desired result. In addition, the materials of the various parts of the gun are of vital importance to the fitness for use of the gun under bad climatic conditions.

From the following description it will be apparent that the above requirements are fulfilled in accordance with the invention. The firearm illustrated by way of example in the annexed drawing is a sporting gun of the fore-end repeating type adapted to be loaded with short cartridges. According to the exemplified embodiment the gun can be loaded with three cartridges. In order to reload the gun which means ejection of a fired shell and insertion of a new cartridge into the cartridge chamber and simultaneous cockingl of the gun, the fore-end is moved backwardly and forwardly, respectively.

In the drawing:

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a firearm -with closed and cocked mechanism, one cartridge in the cartridge chamber and one in the cartridge magazine.

FIG. 2 is a similar sectional view of the gun with closed mechanism and after a shot has been fired.

FIG. 3 is a similar sectional view from the opposite side showing the ejection of the empty cartridge.

FIG'. 4 is another similar View from the opposite side showing the gun with open mechanism and a new cartridge on its way into the cartridge chamber.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken on line 5-5 in FIG. l.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken on line 6 6 in FIG. 2.

FIG. 7 is another cross-sectional view taken on line 7-7 in FIG. 4.

The main parts of the gun are: a barrel 10 the forward -end of which is not shown because of limited space, a tubular cartridge chamber 12 in which the rear-ward end of the barrel is secured, a receiver 14 of reinforced stainless plate, a mechanism enclosed in the receiver, a preferably wooden stock 16 the forward part of which forms the small of the stock and the end of which is firmly received in a substantially tubular, rearwardly tapering part 18 of the receiver, and a displaceable foreend 20 which can bel moved rearwardly and forwardly relative to the receiver and barrel whereby to impart to 3,398,476 Patented Aug. 27, 1968 pce the mechanism the operating movement `required for reloading.

The barrel 10 and the other metallic parts of the gun are made of stainless steel, preferably of a steel alloy containing at least 12 percent chromium. The cartridge chamber 12 is a tubular member the forward end of which receives the barrel 10 and the rearward end of which is widened to receive a cartridge 22 which in FIGS. 1 and 2 is inserted into the cartridge chamber. The receiver 14 is made of rustproof plate and forms at its lower end a space for a cartridge magazine 24. The receiver 14 also contains a U-shaped carrier box 28 for mounting the pivot pins of the firing mechanism. The side walls of the box are held in position by a transverse bar 26. The ejection port 30 of the receiver 14 is reinforced, at least at its rear-ward ed-ge, by means of a plate 32 which is welded to the inside of the receiver and the underside of which is formed with a slide face 34 for the breech bolt 36 of the mechanism. The forward edge of the plate 32 is bevelled so as to form a supporting yface 38 for a correspondingly bevelled end face 40 of the breech bolt.

In yaddition to the breech bolt 36 and an action end 42 of the bolt and parts comprised in the bolt the mechanism includes a firing mechanism and a reloading or repeating device.

Provided in the bolt 36 lis a firing pin 44 held in retracted position by a helical spring 46 which is wound about the narrow forward portion of the pin. The firing pin 44 extends through a widened bore 48 in the forward part of the bolt 36 which bore also contains a hollow thrust member 50 which is biased by a spring 52 in the bore 48 such that the yforward end of the member 50 can be forced out of the bore 48 so as to strike against the action end 42 of the bolt. By means of a lin-k 54 the action end 42 is articulated to the bolt 36. In the closed position of the mechanism an extractor hook 56 rigidly connected or integral with the upper side of the action end 42 clasps the base 58 of the cartridge case. The bolt 36 is also provided with a spring hook 60 which is connected to the bolt by means of a screw 62 and the forward end of which projects forwardly of the bolt and grasps an edge of the action end 42 to keep the action end in engagement with the front end face of the bolt. Extending through and secured to the bolt 36 is a transverse guide pin y64 which in cooperation with a recess 66 of the firing pin 44 limits the movement thereof and in c0- operation with the repeating mechanism acts to guide the movements 0f the bolt.

The firing mechanism is of simplified construction and comprises mainly a hammer 68, a trigger 70 and a hammer spring 72. The hammer 68 is mounted on a pivot pin 74 secured in the U-shaped box 28. A notch 76 on the underside of the hammer is engaged by a hammer catch 78 which is the forward arm of the trigger 70 which is in the form of a two-armed lever pivotally mounted at 80. On the side of the pivot pin 80 opposite to the hammer catch 78 there is secured to the trigger one end of the hammer spring 72 which extends along a rounded part 82 of the hammer and the other end of which is secured to the upper side of the hammer. The part 82 is concentric with the hammer pin 74. In the cocked position of the hammer the hammer spring 72 contacts the hammer catch and consequently serves both as a trigger spring and a hammer spring. The bolt mechanism is operated by means of the forwardly and rearwardly movable fore-end 20. The fore-end is guided by a guide bar 84 secured to the front side of the receiver 14 and is provided with a pair of action bars 86 located one on each side of the guide bar. The action bars 86 have obliquely upwardly and rearwardly directed extensions 88 which are connected to each other by a transverse wedge 90. The extensions have guide slots 92 which receive the transverse guide pin 64 of the bolt 36. A locking member 94 is provided on the rear side of the Wedge 90. In the closed position of the mechanism shown in FIG. l in which the fore-end 20 is in its forward position the wedge 90 is inserted between the transverse bar 26 and the underside of a projection 96 at the rearward end of the bolt 36. As a result the wedge 90 forces the bolt upwardly with the rear, oblique end face 40 thereof in engagement with the bevelled, forward edge 38 of the plate 32, thereby tightly closing the ejection port 30. In this position the bolt 36 is locked by a catch 98 which from below engages the locking member 94 and prevents the wedge 90 from being moved rearwardly and releasing the bolt 36. The catch 98 is a two-armed lever mounted on the pivot pin 74 of the hammer and having a projection 100 to which is secured one end of a spring 102 the other end of which is connected with the hammer 68 so that the spring 102 in the cocked position of the hammer tends to keep the catch 98 in position for locking the wedge 90. The catch 98 is formed with a trigger 104 which projects out of the receiver 14 and by means of which the catch can be released and the mechanism opened, if desired.

One end of a safety pin 106 projects outwardly through one side of the receiver. The other end of this pin can be moved inwardly above the trigger 70 so as to lock the trigger in the hammer-locking position.

The repeating device of the gun also comprises a pair of arms 110 which are pivotally mounted in a holder 108 at the underside of the cartridge chamber 12. The rearward ends of the arms 110 extend into the receiver 14 where they are in the form of a pair of upwardly directed ingers 112 (FIGS. 3 and 4) adapted to grip the cartridge 22' which `after ejection of a fired cartridge 22 is forced upwards from the magazine 24 and is to be moved into the cartridge chamber. The arms 110 are actuated by oblique guide faces 114 on a bridge 116 which interconnects the action bars 86. The forward ends 118 of the arms 110 are bent downward so as to be able to come into engagement with the guide surfaces 114 if the action bars 86 by means of the fore-end 20 are moved into their rearmost position. At that moment the fingers 112 are turned into engagement with the new cartridge which consequently will not be ejected out of the receiver but will be caught by the hook 56 of the action end 42 in order to be rectilinearly moved into the cartridge chamber 12. A spring 111 inserted between bends 110 of the arms 110 tends to turn the arms such that the fingers 112 will be turned outwardly from each other when the bolt 36 is passing between them.

As best seen in FIG. 3, the magazine 24 is provided with a cartridge carrier 120 and a pair of bars 123 which are pivotally interconnected at 122 and biased by a spring 124 such as to tend to move the cartridge carrier 120 upwardly.

The bolt 36 carries a displaceable oblique release pin 126 (see FIGS. 3-5) adapted to be actuated for releasing the spring hook 60 by means of a plate 128 (FIGS. 3 and which projects rearwardly from the cartridge chamber 12.

The mode of operation of the gun described is substantially as follows:

The port 30 (FIG. 3) through which the gun is loaded and emptied is tightly closed in the closing position of the mechanism according to FIG. 1. In this position the foreend 20 is in its foremost position and the bolt 36 is forced upwards by the wedge 90 such that the rear end face 40 of the bolt rests against the oblique front face 38 of the plate 32. In the cocked position of the hammer 68 in which the catch 78 engages the notch 76 the spring 102 holds the catch 98 in wedge-locking position in which the bolt cannot be moved into open position. If the trigger 70 is operated the hammer 68 is released and strikes the firing pin 44 and at the same time the catch 98 is released by the spring 102 so that the mechanism can be opened. By means of the manually operable trigger 104 the catch 98 can be moved forwardly into the bolt-releasing position.

If the gun is opened due to rearward movement of the fore-end 20 the wedge 90 will first come out of engagement with the locking member 96. Thereupon the slots 92 in the extensions 88 of the action bars 86 in cooperation with the guide pin 64 projecting from the bolt 36 will force the rearward end of the bolt downwards so that the underside of the bolt will rest on the transverse or supporting bar 26. The guide pin 64 moves the bolt 36 backwards below the upper plate 32 on the receiver 14 into the position shown in FIG. 4. The cartridge 22' is engaged by the extractor hook 56 of the action end 42 and takes part in the movement of the bolt. At the end of the movement when the forward end of the cartridge is entirely drawn out of the cartridge chamber the spring-biased thrust member 50 forces the action end 42 outwards with the result that the action end will be turned on its link 54 and eject the cartridge (see FIG. 3). At the very end of the backward movement of the bolt 36 the hook 56 strikes the forward edge of the plate 32 with the result that the action end 42 will be turned back against the bolt and locked again by means of the spring hook 60. When the action end earlier should be turned outwards the spring hook 60 had been moved out of engagement by means of the release pin 126.

As soon as the action end 42 has been locked by the spring hook 60 in engagement with the end face of the bolt 36 the next cartridge 22 can be forced upwards out of the magazine. In order to prevent this cartridge from being ejected, it is gripped by the fingers 112 which in the rearmost position of the fore-end are turned inwardly. If thereupon the fore-end 20 is moved forwardly again the arms 110 will be released due to the fact that their forward ends 118 are disengaged from the guide faces 114 and release the cartridge. At that time the cartridge has been caught by the hook 56 of the action end 42 and is moving into the cartridge chamber 12. When the cartridge is entirely inserted and the bolt 36 is approaching its forward position the bolt will be moved upwards by cooperation of the guide slots 92 with the guide pin 64 whereupon the wedge can be moved under the locking member 96 at the rearward end of the bolt which consequently will be forced upwards against the oblique edge of the plate 32.

What I claim is:

1. A firearm having a breech bolt, a cartridge chamber, and an extractor hook for extracting shells from the cartridge chamber, said bolt comprising an action end rigidly connected with said extractor hook, link means pivotably connecting said action end with the bolt for cooperation with said hook and to enable ejection of the shell by swinging motion of said action end, when the forward end of the shell is extracted from said cartridge chamber through backward movement of said bolt `and hook.

2. A firearm according to claim 1 with said parts made of rustproof material.

3. A firearm according to claim 1, said link means mounting said action end on the bolt for vertical swinging movement of said action end relative to the bolt between a lower position in which said action end is in line with the bolt and a raised position in which said action end is swung upward away from the bolt to eject the shell.

4. A firearm according to claim 3, and a firing pin that extends through the bolt, said action end having an opening therethrough that is in line with said firing pin in said lower position of said action end.

5. A firearm according to claim 3, and releasable catch means on said bolt for retaining said action end in said lower position, and means responsive to movement of said bolt away from said cartridge chamber to release said releasable catch means.

6. A firearm according to claim 3, and resilient means continuously yieldably urging said action end toward said raised position.

7. A firearm according to claim 6, said bolt having a ring pin extending therethrough, said urging means comprising an annular member encompassing .and slidable relative to said ring pin.

8. A rearm according to claim 3, and means responsive to movement of said bolt to a rear position in which said cartridge chamber is open for swinging said action end downwardly to `said lower position.

9. A firearm according to claim 8, said responsive means comprising a rearwardly facing shoulder on said extractor hook which contacts a forwardly facing shoulder on said cartridge chamber.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 415,509 11/1889 Herrmann 42-25 X 495,137 4/1893 Krnka 42-25 804,699 11/ 1905 Benet et al. 42-25- 1,456,482 5/ 1923 Berthier. 2,462,889 3/ 1949 Neidhardt 42-25 2,736,119 2/1956 Clarkson et al. 42-76 X 2,780,019 2/ 1957 Sullivan 42-76 2,847,786 8/1958 Hartley et al. 42-76 2,935,912 5/1960 Hartley 42-76 X BENJAMIN A. BORCHELT, Primary Examiner. 

